| 低 学 年 | 中 学 年 | 高 学 年 （中学校へと継続） | |
| 1.1 |
noun(-group) Yes. |
NP short answers : Yes, he is, etc. |
demonstrative pronouns:this,that,these, those
+ BE + NP demonstrative adjectives:this,that,these, those + N + BE + NP personal pronouns (subject form) + BE + NP declarative sentences |
| 1.2 | noun(-group) |
NP |
declarative sentences head-clause containing verb of saying (to say), thinking, etc. + complement clause. |
| 1.3 | No. |
the negation-words never, no (adjective), nobody, nothing |
same exponents as above; in addition: no (adverb) negative sentences with not sentences containing the negation-words never, no (adjective), nobody, nothing |
| 1.4 |
What? Who? Where? |
When? Why? Which one? |
interrogative sentences (yes/no questions) question-word sentences with: when, where, why, what (pronoun), which (pronoun), who, what (adjective), which (adjective), how far/much/long/etc. Tell me + sub-clause. About + NP. |
| 2.1 | All right. Yes. |
That's right. Of course (not). |
I agree. (Yes +) it is, I am, I can, he may, etc. |
No. |
I don't agree. I don't think so. (No +) negative short answers |
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| 2.2 |
Do(n't) you agree? Do you think so, too? Don't you think so? short questions |
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| 2.3 | No (adverb). negative sentences with not sentences containing the negation-words never, no (adjective), nobody, nothing (No + ) negative short answers |
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| 2.4 |
Thank you. All right. |
Yes, please. |
I shall be very glad + Vto... That will be very nice. |
| 2.5 | No, thank you. | I'm afraid I cannot... | |
| 2.6 | Will you + VP (do it, come, etc.)? | ||
| 2.7 | VP |
Can I + VP? Shall I + VP? |
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| 2.8 | I (don't) know. | I don't know + noun(-group) or pronoun. | |
| 2.9 | Do(n't) you know? | Do(n't) you know + noun(-group) or pronoun? | |
| 2.10 | I don't remember + noun(-group) or pronoun. I don't remember + gerund. I don't remember + that-clause. I have forgotten to (bring my glasses, etc.). |
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| 2.11 | Do(n't) you remember + noun(-group) or pronoun? Do(n't) you remember + gerund? Do(n't) you remember + that-clause? Have you forgotten to (bring your glasses, etc.)? I have forgotten (my passport). |
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| 2.12 | It is possible. |
It is possible + that-clause. NP + can + VP. |
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| It is impossible. |
It is not possible + that-clause. NP + cannot + VP. |
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| 2.13 | Is it possible? |
Is it possible + that-clause? Can + NP + VP? |
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| 2.14 | VP |
NP + can(not) + VP. NP + BE(not) able to + VP. |
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| 2.15 | VP |
Can(not) + NP + VP? BE(not) + NP + able to + VP? |
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| 2.16 | So + declarative sentence. NP + must + VP. NP + cannot + VP. |
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| 2.18 | I am sure. |
I am sure + that-clause. | |
| declarative sentence I know + that-clause. |
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| I think so. |
I think + that-clause. | ||
| Perhaps... I am not sure. |
NP + may + VP. I am not sure + that-clause. |
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I don't think so. |
NP + cannot + VP. I don't think + that-clause. |
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| 2.19 | Are you (quite) sure? |
Are you (quite) sure + that-clause? Do you think so? |
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| Do you think + that-clause? | |||
| 2.20 | I /We (don't) have to + VP. | ||
| 2.21 | Do I/we have to +VP? | ||
| 2.22 | NP + (don't/doesn't) have to VP. You must + VP. It is (not) necessary. |
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| 2.23 | Do/Does + NP + have to + VP? | ||
| 2.24 | You may + VP. answering a request: Of course. (That's) all right. |
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| May I + VP? | |||
| 2.25 | Are you allowed to + VP? | ||
| 2.26 | NP + BE not allowed to + VP. Don't + VP. |
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| 3.1 | noun |
Ving |
This is very nice/pleasant. I like noun(-group) or pronoun (very much). I like + Ving . I love noun(-group) or pronoun. It's a very good + noun. |
| 3.2 | noun |
Ving |
This is not very nice/pleasant. I don't like + noun(-group) or pronoun (very much/at all). I don't like + Ving or pronoun (very much/at all). |
| 3.3 | noun |
Ving |
Do(n't) you like + noun(-group) or pronoun? Do(n't) you like + Ving ...? Would you like + noun(-group) or pronoun? Would you like + Vto ...? |
| 3.4 | That's (very) interesting. I am (not) interested. I am (not) interested in + noun(-group) or pronoun? |
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| 3.5 | Are(n't) you interested? Are(n't) you interested in + noun(-group) or pronoun? |
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| 3.6 | What a surprise! |
This is a surprise! How nice Vto...! |
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| 3.7 | I hope so. |
I hope that-clause. I do hope that-clause. |
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| 3.8 | Good/Nice. |
This is very good/nice. |
It's (quite) all right now. This is just what I want(ed)/need/meant. |
| 3.9 | I don't like this. | This is not what I want(ed)/need/meant. | |
| 3.10 | Do you like this? |
Is it all right now? Is this what you want(ed)/need/meant? |
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| 3.11 | That's a (great) pity. I'm very sorry Vto ... |
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| 3.12 | I'm afraid. I'm worried. |
I'm worried about NP. |
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| 3.13 | Are you afraid? Are you worried? |
You aren't afraid, are you? | |
| 3.14 | I prefer + noun(-group) or pronoun. I'd rather + Vinf ...(than). I'd rather not. I'd rather not + Vinf . |
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| 3.15 | Which do you prefer? Would you rather + Vinf (than...)? |
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| 3.16 | Thank you. |
Thank you very much (indeed). |
It is/was (very) nice of you. It is/was (very) nice of you + Vto... It is/was (very) kind of you. It is/was (very) kind of you + Vto... |
| 3.17 | I am (so) sorry. |
I am (so) sorry + Vto... I am very glad + Vto... |
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| 3.18 | I'm going + V to... I'll + Vinf ... I intend + Vto... |
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| 3.19 | Are you going + Vto...? Will you + Vinf ...? Do you intend + Vto...? |
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| 3.20 | noun |
Vto |
I'd like + noun(-group) or pronoun. I'd like + Vto... I want + noun(-group) or pronoun. I want + Vto... May I have + noun(-group) or pronoun (please)? |
| 3.21 | Would you like + noun(-group) or pronoun? Would you like + Vto...? Do you want + noun(-group) or pronoun? Do you want + Vto...? |
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| 4.1 | Sorry! |
I am very sorry. Excuse me, please. |
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| 4.2 | That's all right. |
It's all right now. It doesn't matter (at all). |
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| 4.3 | Good! | That's fine! | |
| 4.4 | You shouldn't + Vinf ... You shouldn't have + Ved... It's not very nice. |
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| 4.5 | All right? |
Is this all right? Do you think this is all right? |
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| 4.6 | Good/Nice. | It's very good/nice. | |
| 4.7 | Sorry. |
I am so/very sorry + that-clause. I am so/very sorry + if-clause. That's a (great) pity. |
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| 4.8 | It doesn't matter. | ||
| 5.1 | Let's + VP. |
Shall we + VP? We could + VP? What about + Ving ...? |
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| 5.2 | Please + VP. |
Would/Could you (please) + VP? Can I have NP + Ved (,please)? |
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| 5.3 | Would you like + Vto...? What about + Ving ...? What about + Ving + a drink, a nice walk, etc.? |
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| 5.4 | You should + VP. Why don't you + VP? |
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| 5.5 | Be careful! Look out! Don't + VP. |
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| 5.6 | imperative sentences | declarative sentences with you as subject | |
| 5.7 | Can I help you? | ||
| 5.8 | Help! | Help me. | Can you help me, please? |
| 6.1 | Hallo. Good morning Good afternoon. Good evening. |
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| 6.2 | Hallo. |
How are you? (I'm fine, thank you) how are you? |
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| 6.3 | Hallo. |
This is ... How do you do? |
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| 6.4 | Good-bye. Good-night. |
I'll see you tomorrow/next week/etc. |
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| 6.5 | Excuse me... | ||
| 6.6 | Here's to... Cheers. |
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| 6.7 | Congratulations! |